IoT Enabled Panchayath

<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">The Rain Gauge Station is equipped with LoRaWAN connectivity, facilitating seamless data transmission at regular intervals to the centralized monitoring system over extended distances. This technology offers several advantages, including low power consumption, an expansive communication range, and adaptability to various environmental conditions. The entire system is powered by solar energy, ensuring sustainability and efficiency.</span><br></p>

<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">A rain gauge station equipped with a UV (Ultraviolet) sensor is a weather monitoring system designed to measure and record both precipitation (rainfall) and the intensity of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. It is helpful for various applications, including weather forecasting, environmental monitoring, and agriculture.&nbsp;</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">It offers the advantage of long-range, low-power communication, making it a cost-effective and efficient solution for remote environmental monitoring and weather data collection.</span></p>

<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">An aquaponic system is a remarkable fusion of aquaculture and hydroponics, creating a bio-integrated environment that fosters mutual growth for aquatic life and plants. It hinges on a symbiotic relationship where fish in tanks produce ammonia-rich excretions, potentially hazardous to their well-being. However, the intervention of nitrifying bacteria transforms this ammonia into nitrites and nitrates, serving as essential nutrients for plants, thus establishing a harmonious synergy between the two components. The objective of our project is to employ Internet of Things (IoT) technology for real-time monitoring and control of aquaponics. Our system comprises sensors that meticulously measure pH levels, temperature, oxygen concentration, and electrical conductivity (EC). These sensors transmit data to a remote database via an STM32-based microcontroller, leveraging LoRaWAN technology for communication, renowned for its low power consumption, even allowing for solar-powered operation. The recorded parameters fall within acceptable ranges, ensuring the healthy growth of both aquatic life and hydroponic plants. Additionally, the system monitors water consumption and operates autonomously through four integral units: Data Acquisition, Data Transmission, Decision Making, and System Rectification, collectively ensuring optimal conditions for aquaponic success.</span><br></p>

<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Indoor air pollution poses a significant health risk, particularly in developing countries where it's a prevalent concern. A primary contributor to indoor air pollution is the combustion of coal and biomass materials like wood, charcoal, dung, and crop residues for cooking and heating purposes. This practice leads to the accumulation of high concentrations of particulate matter, resulting in severe health issues and even fatalities. Moreover, indoor workplaces, such as offices, hospitals, schools, and childcare facilities, can also be affected by indoor air quality problems. Despite the absence of hazardous substances or high-noise environments, employees in these spaces may experience symptoms associated with sick building syndrome, such as eye irritation, throat discomfort, nasal congestion, and headaches, often without a single identifiable cause. To address these concerns, our system incorporates an air quality monitoring device that analyzes VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds), NO2 (Nitrogen Dioxide), CO (Carbon Monoxide), temperature, humidity, and ethyl alcohol levels in the indoor environment. These gases are continuously monitored, with data transmitted at 15-minute intervals and displayed on the device, offering a comprehensive solution for assessing and improving indoor air quality.</span><br></p>

<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">When embarking on the deployment of a LoRaWAN network, understanding your gateway coverage and assessing radio performance across various locations is paramount. A field tester becomes an invaluable asset in this endeavour, serving as a portable, user-friendly tool that aids in pinpointing optimal gateway locations and monitoring coverage within specific zones. As the Chirpstack network takes shape and GPS coordinates are meticulously mapped for visualization, the next logical step is to enhance network mappers by gaining insight into and sharing the real network coverage. This not only ensures the efficient operation of the LoRaWAN network but also facilitates the dissemination of accurate information to stakeholders, ultimately contributing to the network's effectiveness and success. This project plays a crucial role in determining the network coverage of a LoRaWAN network while also offering a comprehensive visualization of data through the mapping capabilities of the Grafana tool. By plotting network data on a map, this tool empowers users to precisely pinpoint areas of interest and assess their signal strength, as indicated by the received signal strength indicator (RSSI). This information is invaluable for network optimization and strategic sensor deployment. Armed with insights derived from the range mapper, users can confidently deploy sensors in areas that exhibit optimal network coverage, ensuring efficient data transmission and enhancing the overall effectiveness of their LoRaWAN network.</span><br></p>

<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">This soil moisture sensor measures and transmits moisture content of the soil wirelessly over the existing&nbsp;</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">LoRaWAN</em></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">&nbsp;network. The sensor is programmed to measure the moisture level of the soil every 15 minutes and transmit to Chirpstack server. Housed inside a&nbsp;</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;">3D printed PLA</em></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">&nbsp;enclosure that resembles a mushroom, this sensor has a capacitive dielectric sensor for measuring the water content in the soil. Applications of the sensor in agriculture includes irrigation automation, soil infiltration studies prior to farming, analysis of subsurface flow for terrain transformation planning &amp; crop water requirement research.</span><br></p>

<p><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Lato, &quot;Noto Sans JP&quot;, &quot;ヒラギノ角ゴ ProN&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Kaku Gothic ProN&quot;, メイリオ, Meiryo, &quot;ＭＳ Ｐゴシック&quot;, &quot;MS PGothic&quot;, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">The LoRaWAN-based Automated Weather Station (AWS) is a cutting-edge meteorological solution that combines the power of LoRaWAN communication with advanced weather-sensing capabilities. This state-of-the-art weather station is engineered to provide precise, real-time weather data across a wide range of applications. Equipped with sensors for measuring temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, it ensures comprehensive weather monitoring. Its low-power design allows for extended operation in remote areas, while its LoRaWAN connectivity enables long-range data transmission to central servers or gateways. Customizable and adaptable, this AWS is ideal for agriculture, environmental research, smart cities, and various industries reliant on accurate weather information. With its data-driven insights, it empowers users to make informed decisions and optimize their operations in an ever-changing climate.</span><br></p>